Solved question paper for UGC-NET sociology examination held in January 2017. This solved question paper will also assist the the students, aspirants and teachers in the preparation of Civil Services, IAS, UGC-NET, UPSC, eligibility test & other competitive exams.
1. Who has stated that the history of society is the history of the class struggle?
(1) Emile Durkheim
(2) George Herbert Mead
(3) Erving Goffmann
(4) Karl Marx
Ans. (4)
2. Who has propounded the concept of ‘collective representation’ in sociology?
(1) Emile Durkheim
(2) Max Weber
(3) Auguste Comte
(4) Karl Marx
Ans. (1)
3. A Society which pessimistically depicts the social transformation brought about by modernization is a:
(1) Global society
(2) Local society
(3) Mass society
(4) Civil society
Ans. (3)
4. In any social arrangement in which the behaviour of majority is governed by norms and roles is known as:
(1) Association
(2) Community
(3) Institution
(4) Culture
Ans. (3)
5. Lack of appropriate cultural resources like language and knowledge is known as:
(1) Cultural materialism
(2) Cultural deprivation
(3) Cultural trait
(4) Cultural pluralism
Ans. (2)
6. Who has said that “man’s uniqueness lies in his possession of culture”?
(1) R. M. Maclver
(2) E. Durkheim
(3) R. Benedict
(4) K. Davis
Ans. (4)
7. Which one of the following is not an ascribed status?
(1) Sex
(2) Age
(3) Occupation
(4) Kinship
Ans. (3)
8. Which one of the following refers to an individual whose behaviour in a particular role provides a pattern upon which another individual bases his behaviour in performing the same role?
(1) Ideal role
(2) Role model
(3) Perceived role
(4) Internalized role
Ans. (2)
9. Reliability in social research includes:
A. Dependability of data collected.
B. A test or measurement used to collect data.
C. A test of consistency and association.
D. A measure which gives same results if repeated.
Mark the correct answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
(1) A, B and C
(2) B, C and D
(3) A, C and D
(4) A, B and D
Ans. (4)
10. Who has observed that ‘each person in society inevitably occupies multiple statuses and that, for each of these statuses, there is an associated role’?
(1) R. K. Merton
(2) R. Linton
(3) T. Newcomb
(4) W. F. Ogburn
Ans. (2)
11. The distinction between in-group and out- group was given by:
(1) G. Simmel
(2) P. Sorokin
(3) W. G. Sumner
(4) H. Spencer
Ans. (3)
12. Who has classified groups into ‘dyad’ and ‘triad’?
(1) Sorokin
(2) Sumner
(3) Simmel
(4) Giddings
Ans. (3)
13. Who has said that marriage is rooted in the family rather than the family is rooted in marriage?
(1) Kingsley Davis
(2) G. P. Murdock
(3) E. Westermarck
(4) C. Levi-Strauss
Ans. (3)
14. ‘Taravad’ is a kind of:
(1) a kinship usage
(2) a rule of residence
(3) an extended family
(4) a community
Ans. (3)
15. Correlation coefficient measures the relationship between which couple of variables?
(1) A qualitative and a quantitative variable.
(2) Both the qualitative variable.
(3) Both the quantitative variables.
(4) More than two qualitative variables.
Ans. (3)
16. Which one of the following averages can be applied to the qualitative variables?
(1) Mean
(2) Mode
(3) Median
(4) Geometric Mean
17. Which one is the correct statement about socialization?
(1) An election process
(2) A time taking process
(3) A policy making process
(4) A role seeking process
Ans. (4)
18. Which one is the important concept in the theory of Socialization held by Emile Durkheim?
(1) Role performing
(2) Imagining the other
(3) Collective consciousness
(4) Division of labour
Ans. (3)
19. Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical perspective makes use of the concept of capital. Which of the following is not a part of this concept?
(1) Economic Capital
(2) Political Capital
(3) Social Capital
(4) Cultural Capital
Ans. (2)
20. Which term is used to describe various aspects of an individual’s identity such as class, ethnicity, gender, disability and location?
(1) Inter sectionality
(2) Ascription
(3) Meritocracy
(4) Mobility
Ans. (1)
21. Who among the following has conceptualized caste stratification into four types namely cultural universalistic, cultural particularistic, structural universalistic and structural particularistic?
(1) Andre Beteille
(2) E. R. Leach
(3) Yogendra Singh
(4) A. C. Mayer
Ans. (3)
22. In a normal distribution the Mean, Median and Mode are located at:
(1) All the three in the centre.
(2) Mean on the left of centre, Median in the Centre and Mode on the right of centre.
(3) Mean in the centre, Median on the left, Mode on the right.
(4) None of the three is located in the centre.
Ans. (1)
23. In which qualitative approach the primary goal is to gain access to individuals’ inner world experiences?
(1) Case study
(2) Ethnography
(3) Phenomenology
(4) Grounded theory
Ans. (3)
24. The study of recorded human communications such as books, websites, paintings, Laws is known as:
(1) Content analysis
(2) Semiotics
(3) Book-view
(4) Ethnography
Ans. (1)
25. According to whom anthropology is a natural science and studies human society, often using the methods of the natural sciences?
(1) B. Malinowski
(2) A.R. Radcliffe-Brown
(4) John Dewey
Ans. (2)
26. Who talks about ‘roles’ in virtue of social relationships?
(1) A. R. Radcliffe-Brown
(2) R. K. Merton
(3) S. F. Nadel
(4) C. Levi-Strauss
Ans. (3)
27. According to whom, culture is held to embody principles which mirror essential features of the human mind – ‘binary classificatory systems’?
(1) S. F. Nadel
(2) A. R. Radcliffe-Brown
(3) R. K. Merton
(4) C. Levi-Strauss
Ans. (4)
28. Who said these words- “I started research as a non-participating observer. As I became accepted into the community, I found myself becoming almost a non-observing participant”?
(1) B. Malinowski
(2) E. Durkheim
(3) William. F. Whyte
(4) N. Anderson
Ans. (3)
29. Malinowski is best known for emphasizing the importance of which one of the following?
(1) Oral History
(2) Content Analysis
(3) Ethnography
(4) Narratives
Ans. (3)
30. Which term is used by Parsons to explain the fundamental ‘dilemmas’ facing all actors and involved in all social situations?
(1) Social Actions
(2) Value Orientations
(3) Pattern Variables
(4) Functional Pre-requisites
Ans. (3)
31. Central to Durkheim’s functionalism was a distinction between which forms of social organization?
(1) Normal and Pathological
(2) Normal and Healthy
(3) Average and Abnormal
(4) Forced and Anomic
Ans. (1)
32. According to Merton which one of the following sequences is correct?
(1) Innovation, Retreatism, Ritualism, Rebellion.
(2) Ritualism, Rebellion, Innovation, Retreatism.
(3) Rebellion, Retreatism, Ritualism Innovation.
(4) Innovation, Ritualism, Retreatism, Rebellion.
Ans. (4)
33. “The problems which scientists selected for study, and their conceptualization, were determined by the values of the scientists.” According to Max Weber, this statement refers to:
(1) Value Judgement
(2) Value Neutrality
(3) Normative Value
(4) Value Relevance
Ans. (4)
34. A hypothesis that suggests no relationship among the variables selected under study is called:
(1) Conflict hypothesis
(2) Comfort hypothesis
(3) Null hypothesis
(4) Contrary hypothesis
Ans. (3)
35. According to Marx ‘when people become aware of their conflicting relations with other classes’ then it results into:
(1) Class in itself
(2) Division of labour
(3) Class for itself
(4) Development of leadership
Ans. (3)
36. Who has stated that ‘the conflict is dysfunctional, if the structures are rigid’?
(1) K. Marx
(2) L. A. Coser
(3) E. Durkheim
(4) J. C. Alexander
Ans. (2)
37. According to Dahrendorf, “the aggregates of incumbents of positions with identical role interests” is known as:
(1) The interest group
(2) The conflict group
(3) The quasi group
(4) The Primary group
Ans. (3)
38. Who has written the book ‘Rules of Sociological Method’?
(1) Max Weber
(2) Auguste Comte
(3) Emile Durkheim
(4) Karl Marx
Ans. (3)
39. A survey design meant for collection of data needed from the same selected population at different points of time is known as:
(1) Cohort Survey
(2) Cross-sectional Survey
(3) Longitudinal Survey
(4) Pilot Survey
Ans. (3)
40. Who has presented the view, ‘a historical approach that also makes possible generalizations about processes of social change’?
(1) C. H. Carr
(2) Max Weber
(3) Arnold J. Toynbee
(4) Karl Marx
Ans. (2)
1. Who was concerned, in his methodology, with ‘the way in which people grasp the consciousness of others while they live within their own stream of consciousness’?
(1) M. Rogers
(2) Alfred Shutz
(3) J. Duglas
(4) George Ritzer
Ans. (2)
2. Which one of the following approaches mainly focuses on ‘consciousness’?
(1) Ethnomethodology
(2) Comparative method
(3) Phenomenology
(4) Functionalism
Ans. (3)
3. Who have written the book, ‘The Social Construction of Reality’?
(1) T. Luckmann and Reinhardt Bendix
(2) Peter Berger and T. Luckmann
(3) Ruth Benedict and Peter Berger
(4) Reinhardt Bendix and Ruth Benedict
Ans. (2)
4. Who provides an account of ‘the role of common sense knowledge in the social construction of everyday life and institution’?
(1) Peter Berger
(2) George Lucas
(3) Max Weber
(4) Erving Goffman
Ans. (1)
5. Who is said to be the founder of the specialist approach of Ethnomethodology?
(1) Alfred Shutz
(2) Harold Garfinkel
(3) Erving Goffman
(4) John K. Galbraith
Ans. (2)
6. For Whom, ‘patriarchy is no less inflicting than caste’?
(1) Self Employed Women’s Association
(2) Dalit Women’s Organizations
(3) Human Rights Movements
(4) Alliance for Restoration of peace
Ans. (2)
7. According to whom ideology must be seen not merely as ‘false consciousness’ but as an important part of real social relations?
(1) Habermas
(2) Althusser
(3) Adorno
(4) Giddens
Ans. (2)
8. Unlike functionalism, neo-functionalism devotes roughly equal attention to which of the following?
(1) Action and Order
(2) Action and Reaction
(3) Beliefs and Practices
(4) Actor and Situation
Ans. (1)
9. Which term Althusser has used to convey the idea that major changes in society are complex and multiply?
(1) Multiplicity
(2) Over determination
(3) Contradiction
(4) Reductionism
Ans. (2)
10. Who among the following can be classified as a ‘critical theorist’?
(1) Alexander
(2) Habermas
(3) Althusser
(4) Bourdieu
Ans. (2)
11. According to Alexander which one of the following is not the problem associated with structural functionalism that neo-functionalism needs to overcome?
(1) Anti-individualism
(2) Conservatism
(3) Idealism
(4) Multi-dimensionalism
Ans. (4)
12. Who among the following makes use of the concept of ‘communicative action’ in the process of making ‘validity claims’?
(1) Turner
(2) Althusser
(3) Habermas
(4) Giddens
Ans. (3)
13. The concept ‘difference’ used by Derrida refers to two meanings. Which one of the following pairs is true?
(1) Differ and Prolong
(2) Distance and Closeness
(3) Defer and Delay
(4) Differ and Defer
Ans. (4)
14. An important aspect of Giddens’ structuration theory that gives dynamism to modernity is:
(1) Modern Institutions
(2) Life World
(3) Time and Space distanciation
(4) Self identity
Ans. (3)
15. Which one of the following gender-related issues, according to the Supreme Court guidelines, formed into an Act in 2013?
(1) Dowry deaths
(2) Honour killings
(3) Sexual Harassment at the workplace
(4) Domestic Violence
Ans. (3)
16. According to Giddens ‘structure’ refers to:
(1) Rules and Resources
(2) Network of Social Relationships
(3) A definite pattern
(4) Norms and Values
Ans. (1)
17. Who among the following has developed the concept of ‘discourse’ in his writings?
(1) J. Alexander
(2) A. Giddens
(3) M. Foucault
(4) J. Derrida
Ans. (3)
18. The first scientific racial classification of India was attempted by which one of the following?
(2) Herbert Risley
(3) Max Muller
(4) L. P. Vidyarthi
Ans. (2)
19. ‘Gotul’ is found among:
(1) Bhil
(2) Muria
(3) Ho
(4) Bhotia
Ans. (2)
20. Which article provides for assistance to the states for the implementation of provisions of the Constitution of India, meant for the Welfare of the SCs and the STs?
(1) 275
(2) 238
(3) 224
(4) 339
Ans. (1)
21. Which of the following tribes is metrilocal and matrilineal?
(1) Kadar
(2) Toda
(3) Khasi
(4) Mizo
Ans. (3)
22. Which of the following tribes were studied by Surajit Sinha?
A. Bhumij
B. Bhils
C. Oriya
D. Maria Gonds
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(1) A and B
(2) A and C
(3) A and D
(4) All of the above
Ans. (3)
23. Low Birth weight and pregnancy wastage in a given population occur primarily due to:
(1) Insufficient health care
(3) Maternal malnutrition
(4) Traditional practices
Ans. (3)
24. Who, among the following, are associated with Indianisation of Sociology?
(1) G. S. Ghurye, A. K. Saran, D. P. Mukherjee
(2) G. S. Ghurye, T. K. Oommen, A. K. Saran
(3) G. S. Ghurye, A. R. Desai, D. P. Mukherjee
(4) G. S. Ghurye, T. K. Oommen, A. R. Desai
Ans. (1)
25. In which year the first phase of the ‘Reproductive and Child Health Project’ was initiated in India?
(1) 1995
(2) 2000
(3) 2005
(4) 1997
Ans. (4)
26. Technological development and the extent of geographical and social isolation are the parameters used to differentiate tribal communities one from the other. Who said this?
(1) N. K. Bose
(2) Surajit Sinha
(3) D. P. Mukherjee
(4) G. S. Ghurye
Ans. (1)
27. Of the following who is well known for using subaltern perspective in studying the Indian Society?
(1) D. P. Mukherjee
(2) Y. B. Damle
(3) Gail Omvedt
(4) N. K. Bose
Ans. (3)
28. Which is the term used by Giddens for the contemporary crisis?
(1) Manufactured uncertainties
(2) Fluid Society
(3) Imagined nationalism
(4) Closed boundaries
Ans. (1)
29. The main limitation of structural functional perspective is that it:
(1) is suffering from unreliability.
(2) is not based on empirical evidence.
(3) considers only the static picture currently available at the time of field work.
(4) gives importance to field work.
Ans. (3)
30. Who coined the concept ‘culture of poverty’?
(1) Oscar Lewis
(2) Gunnar Myrdal
(3) M. N. Srinivas
(4) M. Marriott
Ans. (1)
31. In our country the child labour is actually practiced in:
(1) Service sector in the formal organizations
(2) Formal productive units
(3) Software units
(4) Cottage industries
Ans. (4)
32. Who among the following has developed the theory of step migration?
(1) Ravenstein
(2) D. J. Bogue
(3) E. S. Lee
(4) K. Davis
Ans. (1)
33. Which one among the following is not the cause of ethno-nationalism in India?
(1) The uneven distribution of resources.
(2) The process of democratization.
(3) Mass education.
(4) Empowerment of women.
Ans. (4)
34. Who among the following has mobilized the poor for the right to information in Rajasthan particularly and other parts of the country as well?
(1) Mridula Mukherjee
(2) Aruna Roy
(3) Pupul Jayakar
(4) Krishan Bhatia
Ans. (2)
35. What is the percentage of Delhi’s population living in planned colonies?
(1) 33.08
(2) 23.7
(3) 55.0
(4) 73.0
Ans. (2)
36. How many towns are there in India as per census 2011?
(1) 7935
(2) 8112
(3) 5161
(4) 7703
Ans. (1)
37. The slogan “Save planet earth” was generated at:
(1) Rio Earth Summit
(2) Jakarta Summit
(3) Copenhagen Summit
(4) Brazil Summit
Ans. (1)
38. In India the dual report system is being used for reliable estimates of Vital statistics as part of:
(1) Sample Registration System
(2) National Sample Survey
(3) Population Register
(4) National Family Health Survey
Ans. (1)
39. Who has said that “some of the most powerful American business enterprises were in fact ‘habitual criminals’ “?
(1) Hermann Mannheim
(2) E. H. Sutherland
(3) John Mack
(4) Elliot and Merril
Ans. (2)
40. Modern criminology is concerned to discover ways of:
(1) Reducing crime and delinquency.
(2) Successful treatment for offenders.
(3) Crime detection.
(4) Both (1) and (2)
Ans. (4)
41. Which of the following is not a form of domestic violence?
(2) Sexual Abuse
(3) Abduction
(4) Wife battering
Ans. (3)
42. According to R.K. Merton, which path is followed by the drug addicts?
(1) Ritualism
(2) Frustration
(3) Rejectionism
(4) Retreatism
Ans. (4)
43. Who among the following attempted to discover the social causes of suicide by relating the rates of suicide in different social groups to the characteristics of the group?
(1) E.H. Sutherland
(2) E. Durkheim
(3) Max Weber
(4) R.K. Merton
Ans. (2)
44. In the wake of Globalization Indian economy has:
(1) Reasserted its commitment to socialist path of development.
(2) Reasserted to mixed economic path.
(3) Reasserted the Gandhian model of self-sufficiency.
(4) Opened up to economic neo-liberalism
Ans. (4)
45. Which one of the following is not an objective of ‘Science Policy – 2003’?
(1) Accomplishing national strategy and security related objectives by using latest advances in science and technology.
(2) Invite private parties to invest in research and development.
(3) Foster scientific research in Universities and other academic bodies.
(4) Empowerment of women in all science and technology.
Ans. (2)
46. By connecting countries, globalization has resulted into:
(1) Lesser competition among producers.
(2) Greater competition among producers.
(3) Making a country dependent on others.
(4) No competition among the producers.
Ans. (2)
47. Among the following who has given six fold classification of Indian traditions?
(1) M. N. Srinivas
(2) McKim Marriott
(3) Milton Singer
(4) S. C. Dube
Ans. (4)
48. Who among the following are the prominent members of little tradition in Indian Society?
(1) Folk artists
(2) Teachers
(3) Elites
(4) Nobles
Ans. (1)
49. “Nationalism in India is a product of the material condition created by the British colonialism.” Whose statement is it?
(1) David E. Apter
(2) R. Bendix
(3) T. K. Oommen
(4) A. R. Desai
Ans. (4)
50. Who has written/edited the book ‘Peasants and Peasant Societies’?
(1) Robert Redfield
(2) T. Shanin
(3) Eric Wolf
(4) Oscar Lewis
Ans. (2)
51. Which one is not the part of dependency theories of development?
(1) Centre-Periphery
(2) Underdevelopment
(3) Core
(4) Smart City
Ans. (4)
52. From among the following who has studied peasant movements in the Indian context?
(1) David Hardiman
(2) D. N. Majumdar
(3) D. N. Dhanagare
(4) S. C. Dube
Ans. (3)
53. Who has written the book, ‘Asian Drama’?
(1) A. G. Frank
(2) G. Myrdal
(3) Samir Amin
(4) Ashish Nandi
Ans. (2)
54. Pauperization means:
a. the process of making people pauper or impoverishing.
b. a state of extreme poverty or destitution.
c. a state of fulfilment of minimum needs.
d. a state of indigence.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
(1) a, b and c
(2) b, c and d
(3) a, c and d
(4) b, d and a
Ans. (4)
55. Who initiated the studies in Industrial Sociology in India after its independence?
(1) Rangarajan and Ramaswamy
(2) Mehta and Tripathi
(3) Sheth and Mayers
(4) Breman and Das
Ans. (3)
56. Which among the following is not the essential characteristic of bureaucracy?
(1) Oral communication
(2) Division of labour
(3) Written rules
(4) Impersonal relations
Ans. (1)
57. According to Max Weber ‘alienation in a capitalistic system’ refers to:
(1) Estrangement with one’s work
(2) Disenchantment of a worker
(3) Freedom from the routine work
(4) Engagement with the work
Ans. (2)
58. When did the first National Commission on Labour submit its Report on labour problems, both in the organized and unorganized sector?
(1) 2002
(2) 1969
(3) 1952
(4) 2006
Ans. (2)
59. Which statement among the following is associated with the understanding of a ‘Postindustrial city’?
(1) A city with only a few thousand people living within its borders and characterized by a relatively closed class system and limited mobility.
(2) A city in which global finance and the electronic flow of information dominate the economy.
(3) A city that lacks proper infrastructure and is over crowded with tourists.
(4) A city that is newly established for the governing elite of the country.
Ans. (2)
60. Which one is not the indicator of Millennium Development Goals?
(1) Eradicate extreme Poverty and Hunger
(2) Achieve Universal primary education
(3) Reduce Child Mortality
(4) Shelter for all
Ans. (4)
61. Human Development Index was developed by:
(1) Dr. Manmohan Singh
(2) Dr. Mahbub ul Haq
(3) Dr. Asish Bose
(4) Dr. Montek Singh Ahluwalia