200 + Probable Questions on Sociology for Civil Services (IAS) Exams

List of 200+ probable questions on sociology for Civil Services (IAS) examinations. This will help you to learn about probable sociology questions most likely to be asked in UPSC, UGC-NET, IAS, Civil Services, eligibility tests and other competitive examinations!

1. Unlike Summer, Veblen believes that the industrialists and the men of finance were __________, growing fat on the efforts of the industrial workers.

(a) Hosts

(b) Parasites

(d) None of these

Ans. (b)

2. Who advocated the importance of keeping social sciences or its analysis ethically natural or ‘value free’?

(a) Comte

(b) Durkheim

(d) Weber

Ans. (d)

3. Who was responsible for introducing sociology at Bombay University in 1919?

(a) M.N. Srinivas

(b) Ghurye

(d) R.K. Mukherjee

Ans. (c)

4. Indology, means

(a) Detailed description about India

(b) A Branch of Archaeology

(d) Study of Indian census

Ans. (c)

5. Orientalists were scholars who studied the cultures of

(a) India and China

(b) Greek and Roman

(d) Far east countries

Ans. (a)

6. Marx studies society in

(a) Holistic way

(b) Conceptual way

(d) Factual way

Ans. (a)

7. The just historical act according to Marx was

(a) Production for material life

(b) Unity

(d) Class struggle

Ans. (a)

8. For Marx ‘Praxis’ stands for

(a) Using theory for practical political action

(b) Class struggle

(d) Material condition of life

Ans. (a)

9. Marx considers conflict as

(a) something pathological and harmful

(b) the engine of progress

(d) a way of life

Ans. (b)

10. In his theory of ‘Division of Labour’ Durkheim identified two types of societies which are societies based on

(a) Mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity

(b) Achieved and ascriptive solidarity

(d) Normal and Pathological solidarity

Ans. (a)

11. Which among the following is untrue about status?

(a) There are two processes, ascription and achievement, by which the status of a person in society is formed.

(b) Every society makes use of both of these two principles.

(d) No society makes exclusive use of either of these two principles.

Ans. (d)

12. In which type of community people are united through feeling?

(a) Gesellschaft

(b) Gemeinschaft

(d) Little Community

Ans. (a)

13. Which among the following is not an example of community?

(a) College

(b) Village

(d) All the above

Ans. (d)

14. Which among the following is untrue?

(a) Associations have fixed and written rules

(b) Associations and formal organisations are quite similar

(d) Primitive and agrarian societies do have associations

Ans. (d)

15. Who maintained that role is the dynamic aspect of status?

(a) Max Weber

(b) Maclver

(d) R.E. Park

Ans. (c)

16. Which among the following is true regarding descriptive term of kinship?

(a) It describes the speaker’s exact relation.

(b) It refers to family ties

(d) It refers to age

Ans. (a)

17. ‘Uncle’ is an example of

(a) Classificatory term

(b) Discriptive term

(d) Role relation

Ans. (a)

18. In Hindi ‘sala’ is an example of

(a) Classificatory term

(b) Discriptive term

(d) Expectations

Ans. (b)

19. Khasi tribes living in the hills of Meghalaya are

(a) Matrilineal

(b) Patrilineal

(d) Cognatic

Ans. (a)

20. Which among the following is not true regarding cognatic descent?

(a) Tracing of descent in both male and female line.

(b) Passing of property through both male and female line

(d) No overlapping membership of groups

Ans. (d)

21. Which term did Marx use as a substitute for what he calls ‘relations of production’?

(a) Social ensemble

(b) Class relations

(d) Class order

Ans. (c)

22. Who holds that ideas and values could shape the material conditions?

(a) Max Weber

(b) T. Veblen

(d) R.K. Merton

Ans. (a)

23. Protestantism is required only during the time of the origin of capitalism. Once capitalism matures, the protestant ethic may not be required so much for its further development. Whose view is this?

(a) T. Parsons

(b) Milton Singer

(d) Max Weber

Ans. (d)

24. Since 1868, the Japanese government actively promoted industrialisation by sending her young men to western countries to learn modern science and technology and by setting up several industrial unit. This is called

(a) Industrialisation

(b) Industrial emulation

(d) Tinna Okinawa

Ans. (c)

25. A big business house which provides employment to a large number of people and has large production capacity is called

(a) Factory system

(b) Industrial system

(d) Mass production

Ans. (c)

26. Who is associated with this statement?

The main characteristic of the city is its complexity, “the city is very complicated system of religious, cultural, political, economic, recreational activities, with highly stratified organisations, its population is differentiated by origin, religion, status, education and behaviour pattern.”

(a) Louis Wirth

(b) R. Redfield

(d) R. Park

Ans. (c)

27. Which among the following is not an ecological process of urban growth?

(a) Centralization

(b) Migration

(d) Natural growth

Ans. (a)

28. Which one of the following process correctly represents this?

In the process of folk-urban inter-relationship, certain elements of high culture filter down to the local context to become a part of one of another little tradition. Which one of the following process correctly represents this?

(a) Parochialisation

(b) Universalisation

(d) Decentralization

Ans. (a)

29. Considering the following, what is the correct sequence of the above in the increasing density of community living?

1. City

2. Town

3. Village

4. Metropolis

5. Neighbourhood

Codes:

(a) 5, 3, 2, 1 and 4

(b) 3, 2, 5, 1 and 4

(d) 4, 1, 2, 3 and 5

Ans. (c)

30. The ‘Compositional Theory’ of urbanisation is propounded by

(a) K. Davis

(b) T. Parsons

(d) Elliott

Ans. (a)

31. What differentiates nation from other groups?

(a) Common territory

(b) Common pattern of living

(d) Political independence

Ans. (d)

32. Which of the following is not a compulsory function of the state?

(a) To protect the lives of the citizens

(b) To maintain law and order in the state

(d) To establish diplomatic missions abroad

Ans. (d)

33. Who among the following believe that the state is only a necessary evil?

(a) Individualists

(b) Socialists

(d) Fascists

Ans. (a)

34. A system of government in which real power is vested in the hands of an elected head of the state is known as

(a) Elected monarchy

(b) Absolute monarchy

(d) Parliamentary form of government

Ans. (c)

35. The concept of _______ is at the centre of the treatment of politics.

(a) Profit

(b) Power

(d) Prestige

Ans. (b)

36. Who among the following is of the view that ‘unstratified society with real equality of its members is a myth which has never been realised in the history of mankind’?

(a) Pitrim Sorokin

(b) Ogburn and Nimkoff

(d) Melvin Tumin

Ans. (a)

37. A society characterized by the absence of barriers to social mobility, is called

(a) Dynamic society

(b) Open society

(d) Close society

Ans. (b)

38. Which type of society has more possibility for individual social mobility?

(a) Caste based society

(b) Age-grade based society

(d) Class based society

Ans. (d)

39. The primary reason for Social Stratification

(a) Economic disparity

(b) Show of prosperity

(d) Psychological self – expression

Ans. (c)

40. Which among the following is not correct?

(a) All societies have some pattern of social stratification

(b) Socialist societies have no stratification

(d) Stratification in modern societies is based mainly on achievement.

Ans. (b)

41. Which is defined as the study of how human societies developed and changed through time by A. Comte?

(a) Positivism

(b) Social statics

(d) Social telesis

Ans. (c)

42. Which of the following are social movements?

1. Bhakti Movement

2. Panchayati Raj

3. Strike by workers

4. Brahmo Samaj

(a) 1 and 2

(b) 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Ans. (c)

43. Which of the following statements are true?

1. All social movements strive only for elevation of status

2. Reform movements aim to change some parts of a society while revolutionary movements went to reconstruct the entire social order.

3. Social movements help an individual in a society to relate himself to a larger group in that society.

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 3 only

(d) 1 and 2

Ans. (c)

44. Which of the following movements are change promoting movements?

1. Literacy movement

2. New Cinema movement

3. Women’s movement for equal status

4. Movement for entry of untouchables into temples

(a) 3 and 4

(b) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(d) 1 and 4

Ans. (b)

45. Which among the following are change resisting movements?

1. Anti-Reservation movement

2. Bhoodan movement

3. National movement

4. Sati movement

(a) 1, 2 and 3

(b) 4 only

(d) 1 and 4

Ans. (d)

46. Identify the writer?

‘Post-industrial society’ will see social- conflict between those who control the institutions of economic and political decision-making and those who have been reduced to a condition of dependent participant.

(a) Alvin Toffler

(b) A. Touraine

(d) Karl Mannheim

Ans. (b)

47. Which among the following statement regarding Agrarian society is incorrect?

(a) Agrarian society place a high value on inherited status

(b) The social order in agrarian society is more or less fixed

(d) Even the slightest economic disparity among people in agrarian society is reflected in their style of life

Ans. (d)

48. Who has categorised Indian tribes into three racial division namely- Proto – Australoides, Mongoloids, Negrito?

(a) Guha

(b) Hulton

(d) Risley

Ans. (a)

49. Which tribe of Karnataka was adept in catching and training elephants?

(a) Kannada

(b) Kodagu

(d) Jenu-kuruba

Ans. (d)

50. Which among the following groups of tribes is pastoralist?

(a) Kadar, Toda, Naga, Khasi

(b) Toda, Gujjar, Bakarwal, Gaddi

(d) Kuki, Kadar, Jorwa, Bakarwal

Ans. (b)

51. Demography is

(a) an experimental science

(b) a behavioural science

(d) more an observational science than experimental

Ans. (b)

52. Malthus, a well-known scholar of population studied

(a) Favoured population growth and thought that it leads to social solidarity

(b) Disfavoured population growth and thought it to lead to mass poverty and misery

(d) Fertility as a way to express herself for women.

Ans. (b)

53. Demographic Transition Theory is a way of conceptualizing the changes in population which accompanied industrialisation, seeing in these changes a transformation from a system with high birth rate balanced by high death rates to one with low death rates balanced by low

(a) Birth rate

(b) Death rate

(d) Feundity

Ans. (a)

54. Counting people for census purposes as residing in their usual or normal place of residence is called

(a) de facto census method

(b) de jure census method

(d) normal census

Ans. (b)

55. Which among the following record selected population events as they occur?

(a) de factor census method

(b) Vital registration system

(d) reporting census

Ans. (b)

56. The problem of minorities came to the forefront after the

(a) World War -I

(b) World War – II

(d) Reformation

Ans. (a)

57. There are only two specific articles in the constitution that explicitly guarantee the protection of the interest of minorities in India. These Articles are

(a) 25 and 26

(b) 23 and 24

(d) 31 and 32

Ans. (c)

58. Special provisions are made for educational advancement of the scheduled tribes. These provisions are like reservation of seats and relaxation in marks in admission to educational institutions, scholarships, etc. Concerned Article is

(a) 15(4)

(b) 15(1)

(d) 15(2)

Ans. (a)

59. Under articles________ seats are reserved for SC and ST in Lok Sabha and state Vidhan Sabha.

(a) 330 and 332

(b) 248 and 250

(d) 315 and 316

Ans. (a)

60. The President may at any time appoint a commission to report on the administration of the Scheduled Areas and the welfare to the Scheduled Castes and Tribes in the state under Article

(a) 339(1)

(b) 339(2)

(d) 339(4)

Ans. (a)

61. Concept of white collar crime was given by

(a) Toynbee

(b) Becker

(d) Merton

Ans. (c)

62. Who is the author of this celebrated quote?

‘It is organisation which gives birth to the dominion of the elected over the electors, of the mandatories over the mandators, of the delegates over the delegators. Who says organisation, says oligarchy?’

(a) Robert Michels

(b) C.W. Mills

(d) Vilfredo Pareto

Ans. (a)

63. Who coined this term?

Ethnocentrism is a technical term for the ‘view of things in which one’s own group is the centre of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it.

(a) Sumner

(b) Tonnies

(d) Toynbee

Ans. (a)

64. Ethnography refers to the descriptive account of the way of life of a particular society. What is ethnology?

(a) study of a culture

(b) a detailed account of specific cultural elements in a society

(d) none of these

Ans. (c)

65. Who devised this particular approach in sociology?

Ethnomethodology is ‘the study of methods employed by the members of society’, the methods being those used to organise and make mutual sense of activities.

(a) J.S. Mill

(b) Schutz

(d) Maclver

Ans. (c)

66. In a normal distribution, the distance of one standard deviation above and below the Mean shown the limits of middle:

(a) 68.26% of the distribution

(b) 86.20% of the distribution

(d) 68.26% of the distribution

Ans. (d)

67. “Statistics is the science of Estimates and Probabilities”, said by:

(a) Croxton

(b) Bowley

(d) Pythagores

Ans. (c)

68. While writing research report a researcher:

(a) must arrange it in logical, topical and chronological order

(b) must not use the numerical figures in numbers in the beginning of sentences

(d) all of the above

Ans. (d)

69. The sum of deviations of the items from Median, ignoring the signs is:

(a) Maximum

(b) Least

(d) None of the above

Ans. (b)

70. Which of the following are the defining features of the dominant caste?

1. Numerical strength

2. Highest ritual status

3. High economic status

4. High political status

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Codes:

(A) 1, 2 and 3

(B) 1, 2 and 4

(D) 2, 3 and 4

Ans. (A)

71. Consider the following statements:

1. Sir Henry James Sumner did not subscribe to the view that legal basis of primitive societies lay in ties of blood and kinship.

2. Kinship classification system developed by Lewis Henry ultimately led to Fredrich Engel’s work on the origins of the family and the state.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only

(B) 2 only

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans. (B)

72. Consider the following statements:

1. Bogardus social distance scale is usually applied to the study of ethnic relations, social classes and social values.

2. Occupational prestige scale is not an example of social distance scale.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only

(B) 2 only

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans. (A)

73. Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India states that the claims of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes shall be taken into consideration, consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of administration, in making appointments to services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of a State?

(A) Article 333

(B) Article 334

(D) Article 337

Ans. (C)

74. ______ is the meeting point between sociology and psychology?

(a) Clinical psychology

(b) Social psychology

(d) Culture

Ans. (b)

75. Two______________ theories, those of classical Greek thought and social contract are sometimes regarded by historians of sociology as the foundations of science of society.

(a) Nineteenth century

(b) Pre-eighteenth century

(d) Fourteenth century

Ans. (b)

76. The first people to apply analytical method to the study of sociology were:

(a) Auguste Comte

(b) Brown and Malinowski

(d) George Simmel and Durkheim

Ans. (a)

77. ______ refers to the objective, scientific, unbiased study of society for the purposes of pure knowledge and theoretical advance.

(a) Real sociology

(b) Pure sociology

(d) Neutral sociology

Ans. (b)

78. Who has given concept of ‘Pure Sociology’?

(a) Robert Park

(b) Lester F. Ward

(d) Cooley

Ans. (b)

79. Due to absence of __________, the animals are incapable of transmitting their culture to the next generation.

(a) Symbolic communication

(b) Education

(d) Effective means

Ans. (a)

80. Just as God created all the animate and inanimate objects of this world, so he created the society as well. This view comes from:

(a) Divine origin theory

(b) Evolution theory

(d) None of the above

Ans. (a)

81. Which of the statements is true?

(a) Society is subject to the same laws of evolution as all other organic and inorganic matter

(b) Society is not a make, but a growth

(d) All the above statements are true

Ans. (d)

82. _______ the process by which the individual learns to conform to the norms of the group.

(a) Integration

(b) Socialization

(d) Assimilation

Ans. (b)

83. Who of the following is very much associated with Group Mind Theory about the origin of the State?

(a) Aristotle

(b) Machiavelli

(d) Harold J. Laski

Ans. (c)

84. In the method of cultural relativism, an observer requires a certain amount of imagination in order to:

(a) See others as they are seen by everyone

(b) See others as they have never been seen before

(d) None of the above

Ans. (c)

85. The methodology of cultural relativism rests on the assumption that an anthropologist:

(a) Is able to eliminate for the moment, his own cultural conditioning and values and to assume the subjective ethnocentric attitudes and mentality of a participant in the culture

(b) Is able to eliminate for the moment, his own cultural conditioning and values and to assume the universe values and code of conduct

(c) Is able to study a culture in the light of universal values and norms without getting involved in its own peculiar value system and attitudes

(d) Is able to study a culture in terms of scientific detachment

Ans. (a)

86. Cultural relativism may by describe the method whereby social and cultural phenomena are:

(a) Perceived in terms of scientific detachment

(b) Perceived in terms of universally approved values and norms

(d) Perceived from the perspective of the welfare of all human beings

Ans. (c)

87. Subcultures which are in the process of being assimilated into the general culture have been called:

(a) Contra cultures

(b) Convergent cultures

(d) Assimilating cultures

Ans. (d)

88. Which among the following is not correct?

(a) One’s culture determines one’s choice

(b) The movements of civilizations is moulded by the culture pattern

(d) Civilization yields to culture

Ans. (d)

89. A group which acts against the interests of the other group is called:

(a) social group

(b) in group

(d) out-group

Ans. (c)

90. ______ has distinguished group on the basis of contact.

(a) Tonnies

(b) Simmel

(d) Cooley

Ans. (d)

91. Impersonal relations characterize____________ .

(a) society

(b) association

(d) neighbourhood

Ans. (c)

92. A group whose membership one can leave at one’s sweet will is called:

(a) horizontal group

(b) impersonal group

(d) involuntary group

Ans. (b)

93. Large inclusive groups are called:

(a) vertical group

(b) horizontal group

(d) out group

Ans. (a)

94. According to_________, social system has passed through three stages, viz, savagery, barbarian and civilized.

(a) Tylor

(b) Morgan

(d) Grabner

Ans. (b)

95. The distribution of various roles among the actor in a social system is called ________ by Parsons.

(a) Stratification

(b) Division of labour

(d) Role-set

Ans. (c)

96. ____________ denotes functional aspect of the actor, whereas ______ denotes his place in the social system.

(a) Role, status

(b) Social system, social structure

(d) Orientation system, role

Ans. (c)

97. In a scientist group, the man with deep insight and brilliance is likely to have a high status because other members of the group do not possess that insight and brilliance. This example refers to which of the following bases of status?

(a) Rewards received

(b) Costs incurred

(d) Investments

Ans. (d)

98.______ must motivate the actors adequately to the performances, necessary for the social system to develop or persist.

(a) Social structure

(b) Social system

(d) Need-disposition system

Ans. (b)

99. Social norms are normally responsible for:

(a) bringing discontentment in society

(b) social disintegration

(d) social integration

Ans. (a)

100. Norms are related to the___________ world.

(a) factual

(b) cultural

(d) none of the above

Ans. (b)

101. Some norms are so important that they persist in spite of their __________.

(a) regulation

(b) deviation

(d) approval by the groups

Ans. (d)

102. Norms are_______.

(a) prescriptive

(b) prohibitive

(d) both prescriptive and prescriptive

Ans. (a)

103. One of the methods of punishment for a person who violates social norms is that:

(a) he is not cooperated with by others

(b) his honour is taken away

(d) his wealth is snatched

Ans. (c)

104. ______ refers to all more or less agreed upon and expected behaviour.

(a) Values

(b) Pattern

(d) Custom

Ans. (c)

105. By and large deviation to norms occurs when:

(a) society is not yet mature

(b) members are not prepared to accept norms

(d) few individuals control the whole society

Ans. (d)

106. Which one of the following is not a cause for violation of social norms?

(a) Society may not be keen about their observance

(b) Some norms are self-contradictory

(d) People have sufficient wealth to control the society, if norm is violated

Ans. (d)

107. Social norms are most effectively observed when:

(a) there is effective sanction behind them

(b) group is integrated

(d) there is ideal character of norms

Ans. (a)

108. Find out the incorrect statement-

(a) An individual may deviate from a norm because he knows it is weakly enforced

(b) Some norms are not learned by all persons even in the same society.

(c) In modern differentiated groups, the degree of conformity to norms is not affected by the fact that members frequently belong to number of groups

(d) None of the above is correct

Ans. (a)

109. Conflict in the mores is always-

(a) transitional

(b) absolute

(d) dependent on folkways

Ans. (a)

110. According to Sumner law are __________.

(a) transitional

(b) absolute

(d) dependent on folkways

Ans. (c)

111. Wearing a nylon sari, putting on high heeled shoe, etc. are examples of-

(a) fashion

(b) etiquette

(d) necessity

Ans. (a)

112. ________ is spontaneous, ________ is artificial.

(a) Fashion, culture

(b) Mores, custom

(d) Culture, habit

Ans. (c)

113. _____ make it right for the Eskimos to kill their old people.

(a) Folkways

(b) Religion

(d) Law

Ans. (c)

114. Which one of the following is not strictly speaking, one of S. Freud’s stages of psychic-sexual development?

(a) Oral

(b) Genital

(d) Anal

Ans. (b)

115. Sigmund Freud is founder of-

(a) Psychology

(b) Historicism

(d) Political sociology

Ans. (c)

116. Who said ‘Main is not only a social animal that can develop into an individual only in society”?

(a) Hegal

(b) J.M. Keynes

(d) Kardiner and Linton

Ans. (c)

117. A child, after his birth, starts learning from the automatic and rigid response of the organism to a given stimulus. These processes are termed in sociology as-

(a) Reflexes

(b) Sentiments

(d) Feelings

Ans. (d)

118. Who put forward the concept of the ‘Looking glass self’?

(a) Cooley

(b) Lewis Mumford

(d) Hans Kohn

Ans. (a)

119. If the contacts between the group is primary in its nature, the process of assimilation?

(a) Will be rapid

(b) Will slow down

(d) Nothing can be said

Ans. (c)

120. If the contacts between two cultural groups is secondary in its nature-

(a) There will be no assimilation

(b) The process of assimilation will be rapid

(d) Contacts have no relation with assimilation

Ans. (c)

121. What is the suppression stage in the process of assimilation?

(a) It is a stage at which the cultures of both the groups are put under pressure

(b) It is stage at which unwilling individuals are suppressed unnecessarily

(d) There is no stage like suppression stage in the process of assimilation

Ans. (c)

122. The stage in which one cultural group borrows some cultural elements from another cultural group and which adds to its leading to the modification of its own culture is called-

(a) Acculturation

(b) Cultural-bond

(d) Modification

Ans. (a)

123. Which of the statements given below is correct about the stages in the process of assimilation?

(a) Assimilation is a slow but not a gradual process

(b) Assimilation is a slow and gradual process

(d) The process of assimilation is without stages

Ans. (b)

124. When a person is required to marry the sister of his deceased wife the system is known as:

(a) levirate

(b) exogamy

(d) none of these

Ans. (a)

125. Which one of the following does not support the cause of indogamy?

(a) It makes purity of blood possible

(b) It keeps wealth in one’s own group

(d) It discourages groupism

Ans. (d)

126. Monandry is a form of marriage in which a woman-

(a) belongs to the group as a whole

(b) belongs to the whole society

(d) is supposed to be the property of all the relatives

Ans. (a)

127. Incest prohibition in marriage believes that there would be no marriage:

(a) within the group

(b) outside the group

(d) with the high caste people among close relatives

Ans. (d)

128. Which one of the following is NOT true of indogamy?

(a) It encourages groupism

(b) It encourages theory of racial superiority

(d) In it women folk are the maximum sufferers

Ans. (d)

129. When husband and wife live alternately at each other’s residence the marriage system is known as:

(a) matrilocal

(b) patrilocal

(d) none of the above

Ans. (c)

130. Which one of the following is NOT the essential function of the family?

(a) It regulates sexual behaviour

(b) It is responsible for reproduction of children

(d) It meets minimum basic family needs

Ans. (c)

131. Which one of the following is the practical solution for the reconstruction of the modern family?

(a) Process of modernisation should be checked

(b) There should be ban on urbanisation

(d) Members of the family should be over sensitised

Ans. (c)

132. Which one of the following is NOT true of joint family system?

(a) Family has a combined kitchen

(b) Gods and godesses are worshipped at one place

(d) Ownership of production but not that of consumption belongs to the whole family

Ans. (d)

133. Which one of the following is NOT a direct cause of disintegration of joint family system?

(a) Means of transportation have quickened

(b) Means of communication have developed

(d) The hold of aged over family has gradually increased

Ans. (d)

134. Who of the following has classified kinship on the basis of classificatory system and descriptive system?

(a) Murdock

(b) Morgan

(d) Merton

Ans. (b)

135. Kinship is-

(a) Biological relationship only

(b) Biological relationship of sexual union

(d) Unrelated to biological relationship

Ans. (b)

136. Double descent produces bilineal kin groups known as_________.

(a) Moieties

(b) Phratries

(d) Sects

Ans. (c)

137. Within each kin group, there are certain types of co-active behaviour patterns which exhibit a regularity, a more or less permanent definite structure. Such types of behaviour are called ___________.

(a) normative pattern

(b) kinship usages

(d) rules of descent

Ans. (b)

138. ___________ in Latin means sociological father.

(a) Pater

(b) Paternity

(d) Peter

Ans. (a)

139. Who advocated abolition of the system of family and private property because it diverted men and women from services of the community?

(a) Aristotle

(b) Plato

(d) Babeuf

Ans. (a)

140. Renowned artist M.F Hussain depicted which political figure as Durga.

(a) Menaka Gandhi

(b) Soniya Gandhi

(d) Indira Gandhi

Ans. (d)

141. Patrilineal means-

(a) Two families having the common origin

(b) A family counted for another branch of family

(d) Family trace the lineage from the mother side

Ans. (c)

142. Which of the following organizations focuses on empowerment of women working in the unorganised sector?

(a) AIDWA

(b) SEWA

(d) NHRC

Ans. (b)

143. Which of the following sections IPC deals with ‘stalking’?

(a) 305 A

(b) 354 D

(d) 175 A

Ans. (b)

144. According to ___________, the origin of caste system can be found in the nature and quality of social work performed by the various groups of people.

(a) guild theory

(b) political theory

(d) racial theory

Ans. (c)

145. Self-identification is important in determining-

(a) objective status

(b) accorded status

(d) status

Ans. (c)

146. According to _____________, when a class is somewhat strictly hereditary, we may call it a caste.

(a) Maclver

(b) Weber

(d) Cooley

Ans. (d)

147. Objective class concept locates individuals in the stratification hierarchy according to judgments of-

(a) analyst

(b) society

(d) individual himself

Ans. (a)

148. According to ___________, when status is wholly predetermined, so that men are born to their lot without any hope of changing it, then class takes the extreme form of caste.

(a) Weber

(b) Marx

(d) Davis

Ans. (c)

149. The American Society is basically a/an __________ one.

(a) agrarian

(b) pre-urban

(d) industrial

Ans. (d)

150. In an industrial society ________ are substituted by ________ system.

(a) status, contract

(b) contract, status

(d) production relation, consumption relations

Ans. (b)

151. Which of the following tribes depend on food gathering?

(a) Chenchu

(b) Baigai

(d) All the above

Ans. (d)

152. The African Society is a/an ________ society.

(a) agrarian

(b) acephalous

(d) pre-urban

Ans. (c)

153. Among the tribes of Assam, shifting cultivation is known as __________.

(a) Podh

(b) Jhum

(d) None of the above

Ans. (b)

154. In kula exchange __________ item remains in the possession of individual for very long as both items are continually being exchanged.

(a) each

(b) neither

(d) none of the above

Ans. (b)

155. A/An __________ is a combination of capital groups operating in several countries to control the distribution and prices of particular articles of manufacture.

(a) international cartel

(b) corporation

(d) none of the above

Ans. (a)

156. Polyani termed the modern tax institutions as the example of the principle of __________.

(a) market exchange

(b) reciprocity

(d) none of the above

Ans. (c)

157. According to Polyani-

(a) few empirical economies display more than one principle

(b) most empirical economies display more than one principle of allocation

(d) none of the above

Ans. (b)

158. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of capitalism?

(a) Large scale production

(b) Private property

(d) No-profit

Ans. (d)

159. The Hindus condemn polygamy. This is an example of-

(a) folkways

(b) mores

(d) law

Ans. (b)

160. “If the alpha and omega of human existence are to be found anywhere, it is in the folkways. For we begin with them and always come back to them.” Who has said this?

(a) Sumner

(b) Kingsley Davis

(d) Weber

Ans. (b)

161. The mores change more rapidly in_________ than in _________.

(a) tribal society, modem society

(b) simple society, complex society

(d) none of the above

Ans. (c)

162. The basic purpose of __________ is to bring about conformity, solidarity and continuity of a particular group.

(a) integration

(b) law

(d) culture

Ans. (c)

163. ___________ change with one’s social status and occupational positions but do not change that way.

(a) Mores, folkways

(b) Folkways, mores

(d) Fashion, etiquette

Ans. (b)

164. According to Weber which one stems from an individual’s emotional stage at a particular time?

(a) Affective action

(b) Reflective action

(d) Rational action

Ans. (a)

165. Which of the following statement do you think is correct?

(a) Man’s behaviour pattern are only biologically conditioned

(b) In crucial situation man is guided by a hereditary patterns

(d) Man has little or no inborn control of his behaviour in relation to other

Ans. (d)

166. What is the main object of socialization?

(a) Creating affection in the mind of the child

(b) seeking cooperation from the child

(d) imparting linguistic knowledge

Ans. (c)

167. Name the orientation that emphasizes individual choice and decision making in determining behaviour?

(a) Zincoism

(b) Voluntarism

(d) Individuality

Ans. (b)

168. As compared to sociality, morality is-

(a) less extensive

(b) more reliable

(d) less intensive

Ans. (c)

169. Which of the following is not a type of co-operation?

(a) Armoury Co-operation

(b) Indirect Co-operation

(d) Tertiary Co-operation

Ans. (a)

170. “Co-operation is a form of social interaction wherein two or more persons work together to gain a common end”. This definition of co-operation has been given by-

(a) Merrill and Eldridge

(b) Green

(d) None of the above

Ans. (a)

171. “Co-operation is the process by which individuals or groups combine their effort, in a more or less organised way for the attainment of common objective.” This definition has been given by-

(a) Fairchilde

(b) Merrill and Eldridge

(d) Bottomore

Ans. (a)

172. “Co-operation is the continuous and common endeavour of two or more persons to perform a task or to reach a goal that is commonly cherished.” This definition has been given by-

(a) Arnold Green

(b) R.M. Maclver

(d) None of the above

Ans. (a)

173. When the common interests of the group are symbolised for the members in the appealing forms of music, ritual, distinctive names, titles, banners, slogans and insignias then-

(a) The chances of integration are more

(b) The chances of integration are less

(d) Nothing can happen in the group

Ans. (a)

174. Exogamy amounting to scope for marrying anyone except one’s sister and mother, with some prejudice against marriage to first cousins on the father’s side, has been reported from the _________ of Assam,

(a) Khasis

(b) Lushei clans

(d) Nagas

Ans. (b)

175. In_____ two kin groups other than the families supply each other with marriage partners- the men of one group marry women from the other and vice-versa.

(a) restricted exchange

(b) generalized exchange

(d) levirate

Ans. (a)

176. Maximum setback has been given to indogamy system by:

(a) western system of education

(b) urbanisation

(d) liberal political system

Ans. (a)

177. A system under which a woman is permitted to marry a person of the lower caste but vice-versa is not allowed is known as:

(a) hypergamy

(b) hypogamy

(d) inter-caste marriage

Ans. (b)

178. Sorotate is a system under which-

(a) brother is allowed to marry the wife of his deceased brother

(b) elder brother is allowed to marry the wife of his deceased brother

(d) all the brothers can have sexual relations with each other’s wives.

Ans. (a)

179. Which one of the following is NOT a feature of modern family?

(a) It is supposed to preserve customs

(b) It is a civil contract

(d) It is democratic in nature

Ans. (a)

180. Which one of the following is NOT true of the joint family system?

(a) It raises living standards of the members

(b) It perpetuates orthodoxy in society

(d) It makes the conditions of women in the family miserable

Ans. (a)

181. Which one of the following is NOT an important cause of instability of modern family?

(a) Romantic marriages

(b) Arranged marriages

(d) Shortening of child bearing period

Ans. (b)

182. Which one of the following is NOT a feature of modern family?

(a) Its members are not economically dependent on the head of the family

(b) Girls have become economically self-sufficient

(d) Its members even today look towards elders for guidance

Ans. (d)

183. The westerners lift hats off to show respect. This is an example of-

(a) folkways

(b) habits

(d) conventions

Ans. (c)

184. Which of the following is a positive sanction?

(a) flattery

(b) social ostracization

(d) imprisonment

Ans. (a)

185. _____ cannot be violated without incurring severe punishment.

(a) Folkways

(b) Mores

(d) Fashions

Ans. (b)

186. Primary socialization takes place during infancy, usually within-

(a) Family

(b) Community

(d) Mother’s care

Ans. (a)

187. Rehabilitation of criminals is-

(a) Socialization

(b) Resocialization

(d) Primary socialization

Ans. (b)

188. ‘Id’ refers to the instantaneous desire to gratify passion, ‘ego’ is the condensed image of the person while ‘super ego’ includes the aspects of morality and humanity. Whose classification is this?

(a) S. Freud

(b) C.H. Cooley

(d) None of these

Ans. (a)

189. The ‘Id’ consists of biological drives that release energy and it is activated by what Freud called-

(a) Socialization

(b) Ethnocentrism

(d) The reality principle

Ans. (c)

190. Which of the following does not influence the process of the socialization of an individual?

(a) institution of marriage

(b) political and economic institutions

(d) language

Ans. (c)

191. The feeling of cultural pluralism-

(a) Acts adversely on the process of cultural assimilation

(b) Promotes the process of cultural assimilation

(d) Is a mere hypothesis

Ans. (d)

192. According to Maclver, there are certain factors on which the process of assimilation depends. But one of the factors mentioned below, is not such factor. Find out the factor.

(a) The stage of the development of the society in which the group is entering

(b) Occupational skill of the entering group

(d) None of the above

Ans. (d)

193. The intra-group war arising due to the injustice of one group over another is called-

(a) War

(b) Racial war

(d) Feud

Ans. (d)

194. Which of the following types of conflict has not been suggested by Simmel?

(a) War

(b) Racial conflict

(d) Conflict of ideas which are impersonal

Ans. (b)

195. Which one of the following mentioned factors is not a cause of conflict?

(a) Differences between individuals

(b) Differences in the culture of the individuals

(d) Loss of the feelings of outsmarting the opponent among the competing groups of individuals

Ans. (d)

196. Under_____, one man marries one woman at a time.

(a) monogamy

(b) polygamy

(d) none of the above

Ans. (a)

197. In the primitive society while physique was the major consideration, the system then prevailing is now known as:

(a) marriage by capture

(b) marriage by trial

(d) exchange marriage

Ans. (b)

198. Love marriages have not proved much success. Which one of the following is NOT the cause for it?

(a) The youngsters in such marriages are guided by wealth consideration

(b) The youngsters pay much attention to each other’s family

(d) The youngsters under-estimate the value of education

Ans. (c)

199. Arranged marriages are not liked in many cases because the parents:

(a) usually fail to take the temperaments of the boy and the girl into consideration

(b) do not take family status into consideration

(d) give too much weight to education

(e) over-estimate the importance of physique

Ans. (a)

200. Concubinage is a system of marriage in which:

(a) near relatives are permitted to marry each other

(b) husband and wife are allowed to live together without formal marriage

(d) a girl is allowed to marry several brothers

Ans. (b)

201. Main argument behind arranged marriage is that:

(a) it is morally sound

(b) it is socially better

(d) non-arranged marriages are always a failure

Ans. (c)